UDC 502.57

A. P. Barkar,
electrical engineer, retired,
Simferopol, Russia

Annotation. The article discusses the problem of global warming on Earth. Using achievements science in the field of astronomy, the author explores the trajectory of the solar system in our galaxy. According to the author, anthropogenic human activity is not the main cause of global warming. Even in the case of a complete absence of humans on Earth, global warming will occur. An incorrect identification of the cause of global warming will prevent humanity from developing real ways of survival in critical conditions. It was this circumstance that forced the author to write this article.

Keywords: Solar system, Sun, Earth, global warming, galaxy, magnetic field, humanity, inversion of the Earth's magnetic field.

The problem of global warming on Earth is the most serious challenge of nature of our civilization. I believe that human activity and volcanic activity are not decisive factors in this issue, and our planet would cope with it. The cause of global warming on Earth is of a cosmic nature.

The Solar System is located in the Orion Arm. "The Orion Arm is a small galactic arm of the Milky Way in which the Solar System is located. It is approximately 3,500 light-years thick and approximately 11,000 light-years long" ("Orion Arm". Wikipedia, https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ %D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0)

Every 33 million years the Sun crosses the galactic equator, then rises above its plane to a height of 230 light years and then descends back down to the equator. ("The Position of the Sun in the Milky Way Galaxy", Knowledge is Power, https://znaniya-sila.narod.ru/solarsis/solar/solar_01.htm).

Based on this information, I conclude that the Orion arm, and with it the Solar System, rotates around its longitudinal axis. This means that our Sun describes a circle with a diameter of 460 light years in a plane perpendicular to the disk of the galaxy in 66 million years.

According to NASA, the solar system moves around the Galactic Center at an average speed of 828,000 km/h (230 km/s), which is approximately 1 ⁄ 1300 speed of light. (https://ru.wikipedia. org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4).

This means that in the time it takes the Sun to describe a circle with a diameter of 460 light years, it will run around the center of the galaxy a path of:

L = 66 х 10⁶ (years) х 828000 (km/h) = 66 х 10⁶ (years) х 7,25 х 10⁹ (km/year) = 478,5 х 10¹⁵ (km) = 4,79 х 10¹⁷ km

In summary: the Sun's trajectory around the center of the galaxy is like the thread of a screw with a very elongated pitch. In fact, this distance of 4.79 x 10¹⁷ km, which corresponds to 5.06 x 10⁴ light years, is the thread pitch of this screw.

"The solar system is located about 27,000 light-years from the galactic center, at the inner edge of a spiral formation of concentrated gas and dust called the Orion Arm. At the very center of the galaxy is an intense radio source called Sagittarius A*, which is most likely a supermassive black hole." (Milky Way article, https://znanierussia.ru/articles/ %D0%9C%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C).

The length of such a circle is:

2πR = 2 x 3.14 x 27000 light years = 169560 light years

Divide this length by the pitch of the Solar System screw and get the number of revolutions:

N = 169560 light years ⁄ 50600 light years = 3.35 rev.

This is the number of revolutions around the diameter of the galaxy that the Solar System makes in a galactic year. For each revolution, the Solar System crosses the disk of the galaxy twice. This means that in a galactic year, our Sun crosses the disk of the galaxy: 3.35 x 2 = 6.7 times.

We are interested in the fact that the Sun periodically crosses the diameter of the galaxy and visits the southern and northern hemispheres of the galaxy. I believe that our huge galaxy has its own galactic magnetic field.

Let's conduct a visual experiment in our minds. A man with a compass in his hands walks from the equator to the North Pole. The compass needle points in the direction of movement - FORWARD. At the pole itself, the needle becomes vertical, but the man does not stop. Having crossed the pole, he continues to walk forward, only now he is walking from the pole to the equator and the compass needle points - BACKWARD. So is our Sun. If it moves from the equator of the galaxy to the zenith (the maximum distance from the plane of the equator is 230 light years), along the direction of the magnetic field lines of the galaxy, then after passing the zenith, it will go back to the equator, going against them. This leads to an inversion of the Earth's magnetic field. At first, the inversion of the magnetic field of the Solar system occurs and, as a consequence, the inversion of magnetic fields on all its objects. As we have already determined, the point of the Sun's zenith, due to the movement around the center of the galaxy, is stretched into a strongly elongated arc, which means that the inversion will occur for a very long time. Apparently, (global warming, climate change, increased volcanic activity) our solar system is now in the zenith area. Whether or not the Earth's magnetic field will invert is an open question, but in my opinion it is inevitable. There is currently a shift in the Earth's magnetic poles, which leads to a weakening of the Earth's magnetic field. "But overall, over the past 150 years, the magnetic field has decreased by ten percent." (Magnetic catastrophe. What will the change of the Earth's poles lead to? RIA Novosti https://ria.ru/20210324/magnitosfera-1602457884.html).

The decrease in the Earth's magnetic field is the main reason for global warming on Earth. Judge for yourself, when the Earth's magnetic protection weakens, the magnetic field is no longer able to deflect high-energy solar and cosmic particles as effectively as before. These particles pierce the Earth's atmosphere, heating it up. I believe that in the future we will increasingly observe the northern lights not only at the North Pole, but also in the middle, and even in the southern latitudes. Perhaps, in the future, our Earth will pass through the "planetary sterilization zone." The magnetic field will decrease so much that biological life on the surface of the planet will be impossible. I think that such situations in the history of the Earth occur regularly, when the Solar System passes the zenith points (the greatest distance from the plane of the galaxy). Life on Earth has always been reborn from the ocean, where it managed to survive.

I believe that inside the planet, under the influence of its magnetic field, a magnetic dipole of iron-containing ores has formed. As far as is known, the Earth's core is iron and probably has a shape that is very different from a regular sphere. The inversion of the Earth's magnetic field will cause a reversal of the Earth's core, as well as the components of the dipole. This will cause a shift in the lithospheric plates, which in turn will lead to increased volcanic activity, so cataclysms on the planet will intensify. The axis of rotation of the Earth will remain unchanged, but the position of the continents relative to it will change. We are already observing very noticeable climate changes on Earth.

Conclusions

In conclusion, let us determine the duration of the unfavorable period on our planet. To do this, divide the duration of the galactic year by the number of revolutions of the Solar System around the longitudinal axis of the Orion arm. "A galactic year is the period of time during which the Solar System makes one revolution around the center of our Galaxy. According to various estimates, a galactic year is from 225 to 250 million Earth years." (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactic year). Let's take 235 million years for calculations, our result will also be very approximate, but quite indicative.

235000000 / 3.35 = 70149254 (years)

In this many years, the Orion arm makes one revolution around its longitudinal axis. Now we divide this value into four periods (two are the periods of maximum distance of the Solar system from the plane of the galaxy and two more are the periods when the Solar system crosses the plane of the galaxy):

70149254 / 4 = 17537313 (years)

I believe that we are now living in the period of the maximum distance of the Solar System from the plane of the galaxy. Let's divide this period into three. One third is the period of the decrease of the Earth's magnetic field to a minimum level, the second third is the duration of the period with the minimum level of the Earth's magnetic field, the third is the restoration of the Earth's magnetic field to a normal level.

17537313 / 3 = 5845771 (years)

So, the period of the worst conditions for biological life on Earth will last 5845771 years. Perhaps, during this time, life on Earth will be able to survive only at the level of the simplest organisms in the seas and oceans.

References

Start page         A. P. Barkar, e-mail: filosof51@yandex.ru
Simferopol 2009